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Dhanabal, S. P.
- Oxidative Stress in Diabetes - A Key Therapeutic Agent
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1 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus of JSS University, Mysore) Ooty, Nilgiris-643001, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus of JSS University, Mysore) Ooty, Nilgiris-643001, IN
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Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 2, No 3 (2010), Pagination: 221-227Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has been repetitively shown to be a hallmark of many diseases linked with metabolic or vascular disorders. It is produced under diabetic condition and is involved in the progression of pancreatic damage in diabetes. Therefore diabetes represents an ideal candidate for studying the consequences of oxidative stress and its treatment. Diabetes constitutes a multiple source of free radicals, starting very early in the disease, oxidative stress is exposed to have a double impact; on both metabolic and vascular functions. This review describes the many different aspects of oxidative stress in diabetes and proposes possible explanations for the apparent lack of efficacy of antioxidant treatments.Keywords
Oxidative Stress, Antioxidants, Diabetes.
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- Antidiabetic Activity of Mukia maderaspatana (L) Roem in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
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Authors
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1 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, (Off Campus of JSS University, Mysore), Ooty, Nilgiris - 643 001., IN
2 J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus of JSS University, Mysore) Ooty, Nilgiris-643001, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, (Off Campus of JSS University, Mysore), Ooty, Nilgiris - 643 001., IN
2 J.S.S. College of Pharmacy (Off Campus of JSS University, Mysore) Ooty, Nilgiris-643001, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 2, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 78-80Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Though different types of oral hypoglycemic agents are available, there is a growing interest in herbal remedies due to effectiveness, minimal side effects in clinical experience and relatively low cost. We investigated effect of oral administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of Mukia maderaspatana in diabetic and normal rats for hypoglycemic activity and antihypergylcemic activity. Diabetes was induced in male wistar albino rats of body weight 150-200 g by intraperitoneal administration of ice-cold aqueous alloxan monohydrate at dose of 150 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of blood glucose from the tail vein at 0, 1, 3, and 5 hr post treatment with plant extract. Glibenclamide was used as standard drug. The fasting blood glucose levels of diabetic untreated rats were significantly higher than those of normal. The ethanolic extracts of Mukia maderaspatana at 100 and 200 mg/kg showed 20% and 24.4% decrease in blood glucose level respectively in diabetic rats after 5 h of treatment. Treatment with glibenclamide at 0.2 g/kg dose level show 31.8% decrease in blood glucose level in diabetic rats. The present study revealed that the oral administration of ethanolic extracts at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses exhibited a significant antihyperglycemic activity in alloxan induced diabetes and also no hypoglycemic effect was observed in normal rats.Keywords
Mukia maderaspatana, Alloxan Diabetic Rats, Antidiabetic Activity and Hypoglycemic Activity.References
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- Oxidative Stress Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
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1 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, (Off campus of JSS University, Mysore), Ooty–643 001, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S College of Pharmacy, (Off campus of JSS University, Mysore) Ooty, Niligiris-643001, IN
1 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, (Off campus of JSS University, Mysore), Ooty–643 001, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, J.S.S College of Pharmacy, (Off campus of JSS University, Mysore) Ooty, Niligiris-643001, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 2, No 5 (2010), Pagination: 321-323Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the main causes of renal end-stage disease. Morphologically, the development of diabetic nephropathy is characterized by progressive thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and by expansion of the mesangial matrix which correlates to glomerular filtration function. Hyperglycemia generates more reactive oxygen species and also attenuates antioxidative mechanisms through glycation of the scavenging enzymes. Therefore, oxidative stress has been considered to be a common pathogenetic factor of the diabetic complications including nephropathy. A causal relationship between oxidative stress and diabetic nephropathy has been established by observations that (1) Lipid peroxides and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, indices of oxidative tissue injury, were increased in the kidneys of diabetic rats with albuminuria.(2) High glucose directly increases oxidative stress in glomerular mesangial cells, a target cell of diabetic nephropathy.(3) oxidative stress induces mRNA expression of TGFb1( transforming growth factor beta1) and fibronectin which are the genes implicated in diabetic glomerular injury, and (4) Inhibition of oxidative stress ameliorates all the manifestations associated with diabetic nephropathy.Keywords
Diabetic Nephropathy, Extracellular Matrix, High Glucose, Oxidative Stress.References
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